| APPEND |
cat |
Concatenates files. If contencs of file1 need to be placed at the end of file2 issue the following unix command.cat file1 » file2 |
| ASSIGN or DEFINE |
= |
(Bourne & Korn)set (C shell) in Bourne or Korn shell DIR = lsin C shell set DIR ls |
| ATTACH |
fg |
|
| BACKUP |
tar or pax |
back up files into a tar file. |
| /INIT |
tar -c or pax |
Restore files. |
| /LIST |
tar -t |
List contents. |
| /LOG |
tar -v |
Report progress. |
| /NOREWIND |
tar -r |
Write at end of existing backup (tar) files. |
| /RECORD |
tar -m |
Update file^Òs modification date upon restore. |
| COPY |
cp |
Copy a file |
| COPY |
ftp |
Copy to/from a nontrusted remote host. |
| COPY |
rcp |
Copy to/from a remote host. |
| COPY /CONFIRM |
cp -i |
Confirm before copying. |
| CREATE |
touch |
Create or update a file. |
| /DIRECTORY |
mkdir |
Create a subdirectory. |
| CREATE filename |
cat « filename |
Create a file from the keyboard. |
| CREATE filename |
cat |
|
| DEBUG |
dbx |
Debug a program. |
| DELETE |
rm |
Delete a file. |
| DELETE |
rmdir |
Delete an empty subdirectory. |
| /CONFIRM |
rm -i |
Confirm deletion. |
| /ENTRY |
lprm |
Remove queued line printer job. |
| /QUEUE |
lprm -P |
Remove all jobs from the queue. |
| /LOG |
rm -e |
Delete files and list them as they are deleted. |
| /SYMBOL |
unset |
Get rid of an environment variable. |
| DIFFERENCES |
diff |
Display all differences in files or directories. |
| /MAXIMUM_DIFF= 1 |
cmp |
Display first difference in two files (typically used with binary files). |
| /NUMBER NL: |
cat -n Display |
a file with line numbers. |
| /SLP |
diff - e |
Generate editing changes for the ed editor. |
| DIRECTORY |
ls |
List files. |
| DIRECTORY […] |
ls -R |
Do a recursive directory/list of files. |
| DIRECTORY […] |
find |
Find a file |
| DIRECTORY *.DIR |
ls -d |
List directory name(s) only ls -Rd |
| /BY_OWNER |
ls -l dir |
grep owner |
| /COLUMN |
ls -1 |
List one file per line. |
| /DATE |
ls -c |
List by creation/last modification. |
| /FULL |
ls -l |
Long listing. |
| /FULL /TOTAL |
du |
Summarize disk usage. |
| /MODIFIED /SINCE […] |
find -mtime +n |
Modified more than n days ago. |
| /MODIFIED /BEFORE […] |
find -mtime +n |
Modified more than n days ago. |
| /OWNER |
ls -g |
Include group (used with |
| /SIZE |
ls -s |
Include size. |
| DISMOUNT /UNLOAD |
mt rewofmt offline |
Rewind and unload the tape. |
| DUMP |
od |
Dump a file in various formats. |
| /HEXADECIMAL |
od -h |
Hexadecimal dump. |
| /OCTAL |
od -o |
Octal dump. |
| EDIT /EDT,EDIT /EVE, EVE |
vi |
Screen editor session. |
| EDIT /RECOVER |
vi -r |
Recover a screen editing session. |
| EXCHANGE |
dd |
Back up, restore, and convert nonstandard files. |
| EXIT |
exit |
Terminate a script. |
| HELP |
man |
Display online reference pages. |
| HELP HINTS |
man -k topic |
Display a list of commands that correspond to the specified topic. |
| INQUIRE /NOPUNCTUATION |
read choice? |
Prompt for a responce and put the response into an environment variable. |
| INITIALIZE device: |
fddisk -fmt device |
Format a diskette. |
| LIBRARY |
ar |
Library maintainer. |
| /CREATE |
ar -cr |
Create library. |
| /EXTRACT |
ar -x |
Extract modules. |
| /INSERT |
ar -q |
Insert modules. |
| /LIST |
ar -t |
List modules. |
| /REPLACE |
ar -r |
Replace modules. |
| LINK |
ld |
Link compiled source code into an executable image. |
| login procedureLOGIN /CLI |
.login.cshrc.profile.kshrc |
Set of commands automatically executed at login time. On OpenVMS, LOGIN/CLI specifies an alternate command language interpreter. |
| LOGOUT |
logout C shell exit Bourne & Korn shell |
Terminate a terminal session. |
| MAIL |
mail |
Invoke the mail utility. |
| MERGE |
sort -m |
Merge sorted files. |
| MOUNT |
mount |
Mount a tape. |
| ON COUNTROL_C THEN |
trap 2 |
Enable handler for Stop signal. |
| ON CONTROL_Y |
onintr |
On interrupt. |
| PHONE |
talk tty |
name Communicate interactively with another user. |
| PRINT |
lpr |
Print a file on the default line printer. |
| /COPIES=N |
lpr -#n |
Print n copies. |
| /DELETE |
lpr -r |
Remove file after printing |
| PRINT commands cont. |
|
|
| /FORM |
lpr -ln |
Make page n lines (default = 66) |
| /FORM |
lpr -n |
Print n column output. |
| /FORM |
lpr -wn |
Set line width to n |
| /HEADER |
pr -h string |
lpr |
| /NAME=jobname |
lpr -Jjobname |
Include job name on the first page of the job. |
| /NOFLAG |
lpr -h |
Print with no header page. |
| /NOTIFY |
lpr -m |
Send mail upon completion. |
| /PAGES=(n,^Ô^Ô) |
lpr +n |
Begin printing on page n. |
| /QUEUE |
lpr -Pqueue |
Print a file on the specified queue. |
| READ |
read |
Read input (korn shell) |
| RECALL /ALL |
history |
Recall command lines |
| REPLY /USER |
write |
Send a brief message to a logged-in user |
| RENAME |
mv |
move/rename a file(s) |
| /CONFIRM |
mv -i |
confirm the move/rename of a file(s) |
| SEARCH |
grep |
Search files for strings. |
| /MATCH=NOR |
grep -v |
List only lines that do not match |
| /NOEXACT |
grep -i |
Ignore case distinctions. |
| /NUMBERS |
grep -n |
Precede each match with line number. |
| /STATISTICS |
grep -c |
List only a file name that contains match |
| /WINDOW = 0 |
grep -l |
Return only file name(s) that contains match |
| file pat^Òrn /WINDOW=5 |
More -5 +/pat^Òrn file |
Display search line plus two lines before and after. (Terminate with q). |
| file pat^Òrn /WIND=(5,0) |
cat file |
more -5+pat^Òrn |
| SET DEFAULT |
cd |
Change directory. |
| SET FILE/OWNER |
chgrp |
Change group ownership of a file. |
| SET HOST |
rlogin |
Network login to trusted host. |
| SET HOST /DTE |
tip |
Dial remote host. |
| SET HOST 0 /LOG |
script |
Record a transcript of a terminal session. |
| SET PASSWORD |
passwd |
Change you local password. |
| SET PROCESS /PRIORITY |
nice or renice |
Change the priority of a process. |
| SET PROTECTION |
chmod |
Change file protection. |
| /DEFAULT |
umask |
Change default protection for files not yet created. |
| SET TERMINAL |
tset or stty |
Set terminal characteristics. |
| SET VERIFY |
ksh -x orcsh -x |
Verify command or script execution. Echo after variable substitution. |
| SHOW DEFAULT |
pwd |
Display current directory. |
| SHOW DEVICE /FULL |
df filesystem |
Display information on a file system |
| SHOW LOGICAL |
printenv |
Display environment characteristics. |
| SHOW PROCESS /ALL |
ps -l |
Dislay all processes on system. |
| SHOW /QUEUE |
lpq |
Display default print queue status. |
| SHOW STATUS |
time |
Display resources used by a process. |
| SHOw TIME |
date |
Display date and time |
| SHOW USERS |
who |
Display the list of current system users. |
| SORT |
sort |
Sort and merge. |
| /KEY sort |
+fskip.cskip /-fskip.cskip |
Starting/ending porint of sort key. |
| /OUTPUT |
sort -o file |
Direct output to file. |
| SPAWN /NOWAIT |
bg |
Move a process to the background. |
| STOP /ID |
kill -9 |
Remove a process. |
| SUBMIT |
at |
Start a process at a latter time. |
| TYPE |
cat |
Display a file |
| /PAGE |
more |
Display a file, pausing after each page. |
| /PAGE NL: |
clear |
Clear the terminal screen. |
| WRITE |
/bin/echovar > file |
Create a file and write a string or the contents of a variable to it. |
| WRITE |
/bin/echovar ” file |
Append a string or the contents of a variable to an existing file. |
| WRITE SYS$OUTPUT |
echo (c Shell) print (Korn) |
Write to standard output. |
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